Bolsonaro has been detained after authorities determined he posed a concrete flight risk while under domestic detention.
The former head of state was found guilty of planning a armed takeover in last fall and sentenced more than over two decades in prison, but he remained under home detention pending legal challenges.
High Court Judge the presiding justice said the move to detain the elderly politician was a safety action after fresh information emerged.
This included seeking to disable his tracking device and a invitation to a supporters' gathering that could "allow for a possible escape.
Judicial Records Show Escape Concerns
In a filing authorising the custody, the judge said data from the centre monitoring his home detention suggested the one-time head of state's "intention to break the electronic ankle bracelet to ensure success in his escape.
This, it said, would be made easier by the disorder caused by the gathering called by his offspring.
His son, Flávio Bolsonaro, who serves as a legislator, called for a assembly of his followers near his father's house to take place on the weekend.
The senator wrote on digital networks on last Friday: "Are you going to fight for your homeland, or see it all from your smartphone there on your sofa? I invite you to struggle with us."
He said the vigil would be so backers could seek divine intervention for his physical condition and for the restoration of democratic rule in our nation."
Diplomatic Refuge Fears
Part of Justice Moraes's ruling was the chance of Bolsonaro's move to embassies near the home, considering that the inquiries revealed a record of organizing to ask for protection through a consular facility", a statement said.
The court filing underscores that the US embassy in the capital, Brazil's capital, is situated around approximately 13 kilometers from his dwelling.
Global Responses
His judicial problems have drawn the ire of fellow right-wing populist United States President Trump, causing him to impose a 50% tariff on imports of Brazilian goods.
Bolsonaro is being kept in a federal law enforcement building in Brazil's capital city and will have a detention review on the next day.
Latest Court Petitions
It was only on Friday that the ex-leader's attorneys asked the Supreme Court to allow him to complete his entire prison term under domestic detention, with digital surveillance.
They also petitioned that the former president be authorized to leave his home for healthcare, saying he needed regular treatment for respiratory ailments and other illnesses.
Background on Conviction
Bolsonaro was determined responsible of orchestrating a conspiracy aimed at maintaining his control after he lost the national vote to his left-wing rival, Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva.
Top judicial officials said that he had knowledge of a plot which encompassed plans to kill his opponent and his running partner, Alckmin, and to imprison and murder Justice Moraes - the Supreme Court justice who has been overseeing Bolsonaro's trial.
The conspiracy was thwarted because it failed to get the endorsement of the military leaders. His successor was took office without issue on the first day of 2023.
But a seven days after, on 8 January, thousands of his followers stormed and vandalised official structures in the federal district, Brazil's capital.
The law enforcement intervened and around 1,500 people were taken into custody.
The judges found that the demonstrators had been encouraged by the former president whose plan, they said, was for the country's army to step in, reestablish control and return him to office.
At the time, Bolsonaro's lawyers called the over 27-year sentence "absurdly excessive.
He was also barred from seeking elected position until 2060 - eight years later after the conclusion of his imprisonment.
The ex-leader called the court case a targeted investigation" and said it was intended to stop him participating in the 2026 national vote.
